Other

• Biography at WhoRunsGov.com at The Washington Post
• Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Voting record maintained by The Washington Post
• Biography, voting record, and interest group ratings at Project Vote Smart
• Congressional profile at GovTrack
• Issue positions and quotes at On The Issues
• Financial information at OpenSecrets.org
• Staff salaries, trips and personal finance at LegiStorm.com
• Campaign finance reports and data at the Federal Election Commission
• Campaign contributions at the National Institute for Money in State Politics
• Appearances on C-SPAN programs
• Appearances on Charlie Rose
• Appearances at the Internet Movie Database
• Collected news and commentary at The New York Times
• Collected news and commentary at The Guardian
• Works by or about Barack Obama in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Profile at NNDB
• Collected news and commentary at Chicago Tribune
• Barack Obama at the Open Directory Project

Notes

1. ^ "President Barack Obama". Washington, D.C.: The White House. 2008. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
2. ^ ^a b "Certification of Live Birth: Barack Hussein Obama II, August 4, 1961, 7:24 PM, Honolulu". Department of Health, State of Hawaii. The White House. April 27, 2011. Retrieved April 27, 2011.
3. ^ "American President: Barack Obama". Charlottesville, Va.: Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. 2009. Retrieved January 23, 2009. "Religion: Christian".
   • "The Truth about Barack's Faith". Obama for America. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
   • "Obama has never been a Muslim, and is a committed Christian". Organizing for America-Scribd cached. November 12, 2007. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
   • Miller, Lisa (July 18, 2008). "Finding his faith". Newsweek.com. Retrieved February 4, 2010. "He is now a Christian, having been baptized in the early 1990s at Trinity United Church of Christ in Chicago.".
   • Barakat, Matthew (Associated Press) (November 17, 2008). "Obama's church choice likely to be scrutinized; D.C. churches have started extending invitations to Obama and his family". msnbc.com. Retrieved January 20, 2009. "The United Church of Christ, the denomination from which Obama resigned when he left Wright's church, issued a written invitation to join a UCC denomination in Washington and resume his connections to the church.".
   • "Barack Obama, long time UCC member, inaugurated forty-fourth U.S. President". News. Cleveland: United Church of Christ. January 20, 2009. Retrieved January 21, 2009. "Barack Obama, who spent more than 20 years as a UCC member, is the forty-fourth President of the United States.".
   • Sullivan, Amy (June 29, 2009). "The Obama's find a church home—away from home". Time.com. Retrieved February 5, 2010. "... instead of joining a congregation in Washington, D.C., he will follow in George W. Bush's footsteps and make his primary place of worship Evergreen Chapel, the nondenominational church at Camp David.".
   • Kornblut, Anne E. (February 4, 2010). "Obama's spirituality is largely private, but it's influential, advisers say". The Washington Post: p. A6. Retrieved February 5, 2010. "... Obama prays privately ... And when he takes his family to Camp David on the weekends, a Navy chaplain ministers to them, with the daughters attending a form of Sunday school there."
4. ^ "Barack Obama 2012 Campaign Officially Launches". The Huffington Post. April 4, 2011. Retrieved April 4, 2011.
5. ^ ^a b Maraniss, David (August 24, 2008). "Though Obama had to leave to find himself, it is Hawaii that made his rise possible". The Washington Post: p. A22. Retrieved October 28, 2008.
6. ^ Henig, Jess; Miller, Joe (August 21, 2008). "Born in the U.S.A.; The truth about Obama's birth certificate". FactCheck.org. Retrieved October 24, 2008.
   • Nakaso, Dan (December 22, 2008). "Twin sisters, Obama on parallel paths for years". The Honolulu Advertiser: p. B1. Retrieved January 22, 2011. "at the old Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecological Hospital"
7. ^ Martin, Michel (October 29, 2008). "Asian writer ponders first Asian president too (transcript)". Tell Me More. NPR.org. Retrieved April 18, 2010. "He'd be the first president born in Hawaii, for example.".
   • Rudin, Ken (December 23, 2009). "Today's Junkie segment On TOTN: a political review Of 2009". Talk of the Nation (Political Junkie blog). NPR.org. Retrieved April 18, 2010. "We began with the historic inauguration on Jan. 20—yes, the first president ever born in Hawaii ..."
8. ^ for Stanley Ann's first name, see Obama (1995, 2004), p. 19.
9. ^ Ewen MacAskill in Washington and Nicholas Watt (May 20, 2011). "Obama looks forward to rediscovering his Irish roots on European tour". London: The Guardian. Retrieved 2011-08-03.
10. ^ Mason, Jeff (May 23, 2011). "Obama visits family roots in Ireland". Reuters. Retrieved 2011-08-03.
11. ^ ^a b Jones, Tim (March 27, 2007). "Barack Obama: Mother not just a girl from Kansas; Stanley Ann Dunham shaped a future senator". Chicago Tribune: p. 1 (Tempo). Retrieved March 27, 2007.
12. ^ Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 9–10. For book excerpts, see:
    • Obama, Barack (November 1, 2004). "Barack Obama: Creation of tales (serialisation of Dreams from My Father)". The EastAfrican. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved April 14, 2008.
13. ^ ^a b Ripley, Amanda (April 9, 2008). "The story of Barack Obama's mother". Time.com. Retrieved April 9, 2007. (online)
14. ^ Ochieng, Philip (November 1, 2004). "From home squared to the US Senate: how Barack Obama was lost and found". The EastAfrican. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
    • Merida, Kevin (December 14, 2007). "The ghost of a father". The Washington Post: p. A12. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
15. ^ Karana, Kinanti Pinta (December 9, 2009). "Statue of a young Obama to watch over Indonesian capital". Jakarta Globe. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
    • Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 44–45.
16. ^ Pickler, Nedra (January 24, 2007). "Obama debunks claim about Islamic school". The Washington Post. Associated Press. Retrieved December 31, 2009.
    • "Statue of boy Obama erected in Jakarta". Xinhuanet.com. December 10, 2009. Retrieved December 31, 2009.
17. ^ abc NEWS Poll: Obama's Popularity Lifts U.S. Global Image
18. ^ Serafin, Peter (March 21, 2004). "Punahou grad stirs up Illinois politics". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Retrieved March 20, 2008.
    • Scott, Janny (March 14, 2008). "A free-spirited wanderer who set Obama’s path". The New York Times: p. A1. Retrieved November 18, 2011.
    • Obama (1995, 2004), Chapters 3 and 4.
19. ^ Suryakusuma, Julia (November 29, 2006). "Obama for President... of Indonesia". Jakarta Post. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
20. ^ Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 9–10.
21. ^ Serrano, Richard A. (March 11, 2007). "Obama's peers didn't see his angst". Los Angeles Times: p. A20. Retrieved March 13, 2007.
    • Obama (1995, 2004), Chapters 4 and 5.
22. ^ Reyes, B.J. (February 8, 2007). "Punahou left lasting impression on Obama". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Retrieved February 10, 2007. "As a teenager, Obama went to parties and sometimes sought out gatherings on military bases or at the University of Hawaii that were mostly attended by blacks."
23. ^ Elliott, Philip (Associated Press) (November 21, 2007). "Obama gets blunt with N.H. students". The Boston Globe: p. 8A. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
    • Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 93–94. "Pot had helped, and booze; maybe a little blow when you could afford it."
    • for analysis of the political impact of the quote and Obama's more recent admission that he smoked marijuana as a teenager ("When I was a kid, I inhaled"), see:
    • Seelye, Katharine Q. (October 24, 2006). "Obama offers more variations from the norm". The New York Times: p. A21. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
    • Romano, Lois (January 3, 2007). "Effect of Obama's candor remains to be seen". The Washington Post: p. A1. Retrieved January 14, 2007.
24. ^ Hornick, Ed (August 17, 2008). "Obama, McCain talk issues at pastor's forum". CNN.com. Retrieved January 4, 2009.
25. ^ ^a b c Gordon, Larry (January 29, 2007). "Occidental recalls 'Barry' Obama". Los Angeles Times: p. B1. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
    • Possley, Maurice (March 30, 2007). "Activism blossomed in college". Chicago Tribune: p. 20. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
    • Kovaleski, Serge F. (February 9, 2008). "Old friends say drugs played bit part in Obama's young life". The New York Times: p. A1. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
    • Rohter, Larry (April 10, 2008). "Obama says real-life experience trumps rivals' foreign policy credits". The New York Times: p. A18. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
    • Goldman, Adam; Tanner, Robert (Associated Press) (May 15, 2008). "Old friends recall Obama's years in LA, NYC". USAToday.com. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
    • Helman, Scott (August 25, 2008). "Small college awakened future senator to service". The Boston Globe: p. 1A. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
    • Jackson, Brooks (June 5, 2009). "More 'birther' nonsense: Obama's 1981 Pakistan trip". FactCheck.org. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
    • Remnick, David (2010). The Bridge: The Life and Rise of Barack Obama. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 98–112. ISBN 978-1-4000-4360-6.
    • Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 92–112.
    • Mendell (2007), pp. 55–62.
26. ^ Boss-Bicak, Shira (January 2005). "Barack Obama '83". Columbia College Today. ISSN 0572-7820. Retrieved October 1, 2006.
27. ^ Obama, Barack (1998). "Curriculum vitae". The University of Chicago Law School. Archived from the original on May 9, 2001. Retrieved October 1, 2006.
    • Issenberg, Sasha (August 6, 2008). "Obama shows hints of his year in global finance; Tied markets to social aid" (paid archive). The Boston Globe: p. 1A. Retrieved August 6, 2008.
28. ^ Scott, Janny (July 30, 2007). "Obama’s account of New York often differs from what others say". The New York Times: p. B1. Retrieved July 31, 2007.
    • Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 133–140.
    • Mendell (2007), pp. 62–63.
29. ^ ^a b c d Chassie, Karen (ed.) (2007). Who's Who in America, 2008. New Providence, N.J.: Marquis Who's Who. p. 3468. ISBN 978-0-8379-7011-0. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
30. ^ Lizza, Ryan (March 19, 2007). "The agitator: Barack Obama's unlikely political education". The New Republic 236 (12): 22–26, 28–29. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved August 21, 2007.
    • Secter, Bob; McCormick, John (March 30, 2007). "Portrait of a pragmatist". Chicago Tribune: p. 1. Retrieved April 8, 2007.
    • Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 140–295.
    • Mendell (2007), pp. 63–83.
31. ^ ^a b c Matchan, Linda (February 15, 1990). "A Law Review breakthrough". The Boston Globe: p. 29. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Corr, John (February 27, 1990). "From mean streets to hallowed halls" (paid archive). The Philadelphia Inquirer: p. C01. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
32. ^ Obama, Barack (August–September 1988). "Why organize? Problems and promise in the inner city". Illinois Issues 14 (8–9): 40–42. ISSN 0738-9663. reprinted in:
    Knoepfle, Peg (ed.) (1990). After Alinsky: community organizing in Illinois. Springfield, Ill.: Sangamon State University. pp. 35–40. ISBN 0-9620873-3-5.  "He has also been a consultant and instructor for the Gamaliel Foundation, an organizing institute working throughout the Midwest."
33. ^ Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 299–437.
34. ^ Gnecchi, Nico (February 27, 2006). "Obama receives hero's welcome at his family's ancestral village in Kenya". Voice of America. Archived from the original on March 21, 2008. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
35. ^ ^a b Levenson, Michael; Saltzman, Jonathan (January 28, 2007). "At Harvard Law, a unifying voice". The Boston Globe: p. 1A. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Kantor, Jodi (January 28, 2007). "In law school, Obama found political voice". The New York Times: p. A1. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Kodama, Marie C. (January 19, 2007). "Obama left mark on HLS". The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Mundy, Liza (August 12, 2007). "A series of fortunate events". The Washington Post: p. W10. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Heilemann, John (October 22, 2007). "When they were young". New York 40 (37): 32–37, 132–133. ISSN 0028-7369. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Mendell (2007), pp. 80–92.
36. ^ ^a b Butterfield, Fox (February 6, 1990). "First black elected to head Harvard's Law Review". The New York Times: p. A20. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Ybarra, Michael J (February 7, 1990). "Activist in Chicago now heads Harvard Law Review" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 3. Retrieved October 29, 2011.
    • Drummond, Tammerlin (March 12, 1990). "Barack Obama's law; Harvard Law Review's first black president plans a life of public service" (paid archive). Los Angeles Times: p. E1. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Evans, Gaynelle (March 15, 1990). "Opening another door: The saga of Harvard's Barack H. Obama". Black Issues in Higher Education 7 (1): 5. ISSN 0742-0277. Retrieved November 15, 2008.
    • Pugh, Allison J. (Associated Press) (April 18, 1990). "Law Review's first black president aims to help poor" (paid archive). The Miami Herald: p. C01. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
37. ^ Aguilar, Louis (July 11, 1990). "Survey: Law firms slow to add minority partners" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 1 (Business). Retrieved June 15, 2008. "Barack Obama, a summer associate at Hopkins & Sutter in Chicago..."
38. ^ Adams, Richard (May 9, 2007). "Barack Obama". The Guardian (London). Retrieved October 26, 2008.
    • Barack Obama at Encyclopædia Britannica
39. ^ ^a b c Scott, Janny (May 18, 2008). "The story of Obama, written by Obama". The New York Times: p. A1. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Obama (1995, 2004), pp. xiii–xvii.
40. ^ Merriner, James L. (June 2008). "The friends of O". Chicago 57 (6): 74–79, 97–99. ISSN 0362-4595. Retrieved January 30, 2010.
    • Zengerle, Jason (July 30, 2008). "Con law; What the University of Chicago right thinks of Obama". The New Republic 239 (1): 7–8. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved January 30, 2010.
    • Kantor, Jodi (July 30, 2008). "Teaching law, testing ideas, Obama stood slightly apart". The New York Times: p. A1. Retrieved January 30, 2010.
    • Gray, Steven (September 10, 2008). "Taking professor Obama's class". Time.com. Retrieved January 30, 2010.
    • Starr, Alexandra (September 21, 2008). "Case study". The New York Times Magazine: p. 76. Retrieved January 30, 2010.
    • Hundley, Tom (March 22, 2009). "Ivory tower of power". Chicago Tribune Magazine: p. 6. Retrieved January 30, 2010.
41. ^ "Statement regarding Barack Obama". University of Chicago Law School. March 27, 2008. Retrieved June 5, 2008.
    • Miller, Joe (March 28, 2008). "Was Barack Obama really a constitutional law professor?". FactCheck.org. Retrieved June 10, 2008.
    • Holan, Angie Drobnic (March 7, 2008). "Obama's 20 years of experience". PolitiFact.com. Retrieved June 10, 2008.
42. ^ White, Jesse (ed.) (2000). Illinois Blue Book, 2000, Millennium ed.. Springfield, Ill.: Illinois Secretary of State. p. 83. OCLC 43923973. Archived from the original on April 16, 2004. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
    • Jarrett, Vernon (August 11, 1992). "'Project Vote' brings power to the people" (paid archive). Chicago Sun-Times: p. 23. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
    • Reynolds, Gretchen (January 1993). "Vote of confidence". Chicago 42 (1): 53–54. ISSN 0362-4595. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
    • Anderson, Veronica (September 27 – October 3 1993). "40 under Forty: Barack Obama, Director, Illinois Project Vote". Crain's Chicago Business 16 (39): 43. ISSN 0149-6956.
43. ^ Robinson, Mike (February 20, 2007). "Obama got start in civil rights practice". The Boston Globe. Associated Press. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Pallasch, Abdon M. (December 17, 2007). "As lawyer, Obama was strong, silent type; He was 'smart, innovative, relentless,' and he mostly let other lawyers do the talking" (paid archive). Chicago Sun-Times: p. 4. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Morain, Dan (April 6, 2008). "Obama's law days effective but brief". Los Angeles Times: p. A14. Retrieved February 14, 2010.
    • "People" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 9 (Business). June 27, 1993. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • "Business appointments" (paid archive). Chicago-Sun-Times: p. 40. July 5, 1993. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Ripley, Amanda (November 3, 2004). "Obama's ascent". Time.com. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
    • "About us". Miner, Barnhill & Galland – Chicago, Illinois. 2008. Retrieved June 15, 2008.
    • Reardon, Patrick T. (June 25, 2008). "Obama's Chicago". Chicago Tribune: p. 1 (Tempo). Retrieved February 13, 2010. "Step 9: Lawyering. The law offices of Miner Barnhill & Galland - Obama joined this tiny, liberal and politically powerful firm of about a dozen lawyers, specializing in civil rights cases and then known as Davis Miner Barnhill & Galland.".
    • Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 438–439.
    • Mendell (2007), pp. 104–106.
44. ^ Jackson, David; Ray Long (April 3, 2007). "Obama Knows His Way Around a Ballot". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved January 14, 2008.White, Jesse (2001). "Legislative Districts of Cook County, 1991 Reapportionment". Illinois Blue Book 2001–2002. Springfield: Illinois Secretary of State. p. 65. Retrieved 2011-07-16. State Sen. District 13 = State Rep. Districts 25 & 26.
45. ^ Slevin, Peter (February 9, 2007). "Obama Forged Political Mettle in Illinois Capitol". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 20, 2008.Helman, Scott (September 23, 2007). "In Illinois, Obama dealt with Lobbyists". The Boston Globe. Retrieved April 20, 2008. See also:"Obama Record May Be Gold Mine for Critics". CBS News. Associated Press. January 17, 2007. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
46. ^ ^a b Scott, Janny (July 30, 2007). "In Illinois, Obama Proved Pragmatic and Shrewd". The New York Times. Retrieved April 20, 2008. See also:Pearson, Rick; Ray Long (May 3, 2007). "Careful Steps, Looking Ahead". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on February 16, 2008. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
47. ^ Allison, Melissa (December 15, 2000). "State takes on predatory lending; Rules would halt single-premium life insurance financing" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 1 (Business). Retrieved June 1, 2008.Long, Ray; Allison, Melissa (April 18, 2001). "Illinois OKs predatory loan curbs; State aims to avert home foreclosures." (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 1. Retrieved June 1, 2008.
48. ^ "13th District: Barack Obama". Illinois State Senate Democrats. August 24, 2000. Archived from the original on April 12, 2000. Retrieved April 20, 2008."13th District: Barack Obama". Illinois State Senate Democrats. October 9, 2004. Archived from the original on August 2, 2004. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
49. ^ "Federal Elections 2000: U.S. House Results – Illinois". Federal Election Commission. Retrieved April 24, 2008.
    • Gonyea, Dan (September 19, 2007). "Obama's Loss May Have Aided White House Bid". Retrieved January 30, 2011.
    • Scott, Janny (September 9, 2007). "A Streetwise Veteran Schooled Young Obama". The New York Times. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
    • McClelland, Edward (February 12, 2007). "How Obama Learned to Be a Natural". Salon. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
    • Wolffe, Richard; Daren Briscoe (July 16, 2007). "Across the Divide". Newsweek. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
    • Helman, Scott (October 12, 2007). "Early Defeat Launched a Rapid Political Climb". The Boston Globe. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
    • Wills, Christopher (October 24, 2007). "Obama learned from failed Congress run". USA Today. Retrieved November 15, 2010.
50. ^ Calmes, Jackie (February 23, 2007). "Statehouse Yields Clues to Obama". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
51. ^ Tavella, Anne Marie (April 14, 2003). "Profiling, taping plans pass Senate" (paid archive). Daily Herald: p. 17. Retrieved June 1, 2008.Haynes, V. Dion (June 29, 2003). "Fight racial profiling at local level, lawmaker says; U.S. guidelines get mixed review" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 8. Retrieved June 1, 2008.Pearson, Rick (July 17, 2003). "Taped confessions to be law; State will be 1st to pass legislation" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 1 (Metro). Retrieved June 1, 2008.
52. ^ Youngman, Sam; Aaron Blake (March 14, 2007). "Obama's Crime Votes Are Fodder for Rivals". The Hill. Retrieved April 20, 2008. See also:"US Presidential Candidate Obama Cites Work on State Death Penalty Reforms". International Herald Tribune. Associated Press. November 12, 2007. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
53. ^ Coffee, Melanie (November 6, 2004). "Attorney Chosen to Fill Obama's State Senate Seat". Associated Press. HPKCC. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
54. ^ Helman, Scott (October 12, 2007). "Early defeat launched a rapid political climb". The Boston Globe: p. 1A. Retrieved April 13, 2008.
55. ^ Strausberg, Chinta (September 26, 2002). "Opposition to war mounts" (paid archive). Chicago Defender: p. 1. Retrieved February 3, 2008.
56. ^ Office of the Press Secretary (October 2, 2002). "President, House leadership agree on Iraq resolution". The White House. Retrieved February 18, 2008.
    • Tackett, Michael (October 3, 2002). "Bush, House OK Iraq deal; Congress marches with Bush" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 1. Retrieved February 3, 2008.
57. ^ Glauber, Bill (October 3, 2003). "War protesters gentler, but passion still burns" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 1. Retrieved February 3, 2008.
    • Strausberg, Chinta (October 3, 2002). "War with Iraq undermines U.N". Chicago Defender: p. 1. Retrieved October 28, 2008. "Photo caption: Left Photo: Sen. Barack Obama along with Rev. Jesse Jackson spoke to nearly 3,000 anti-war protestors (below) during a rally at Federal Plaza Wednesday."
    • Katz, Marilyn (October 2, 2007). "Five years since our first action". Chicagoans Against War & Injustice. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved February 18, 2008.
    • Bryant, Greg; Vaughn, Jane B. (October 3, 2002). "300 attend rally against Iraq war" (paid archive). Daily Herald (Arlington Heights): p. 8. Retrieved October 28, 2008.
    • Mendell (2007), pp. 172–177.
58. ^ Obama, Barack (October 2, 2002). "Remarks of Illinois State Sen. Barack Obama against going to war with Iraq". BarackObama.com. Archived from the original on January 30, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2008.
    • McCormick, John (October 3, 2007). "Obama marks '02 war speech; Contender highlights his early opposition in effort to distinguish him from his rivals" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune: p. 7. Retrieved October 28, 2008. "The top strategist for Sen. Barack Obama has just 14 seconds of video of what is one of the most pivotal moments of the presidential candidate's political career. The video, obtained from a Chicago TV station, is of Obama's 2002 speech in opposition to the impending Iraq invasion."
    • Pallasch, Abdon M. (October 3, 2007). "Obama touts anti-war cred; Kicks off tour 5 years after speech critical of going to Iraq" (paid archive). Chicago Sun-Times: p. 26. Retrieved October 28, 2008.
59. ^ Ritter, Jim (March 17, 2003). "Anti-war rally here draws thousands" (paid archive). Chicago Sun-Times: p. 3. Retrieved February 3, 2008.
    • Office of the Press Secretary (March 16, 2003). "President Bush: Monday 'moment of truth' for world on Iraq". The White House. Retrieved February 18, 2008.
60. ^ Davey, Monica (March 7, 2004). "Closely watched Illinois Senate race attracts 7 candidates in millionaire range". The New York Times: p. 19. Archived from the original on May 14, 2006. Retrieved April 13, 2008.
61. ^ Mendell, David (March 17, 2004). "Obama routs Democratic foes; Ryan tops crowded GOP field; Hynes, Hull fall far short across state". Chicago Tribune: p. 1. Retrieved March 1, 2009.
    • Davey, Monica (March 18, 2004). "As quickly as overnight, a Democratic star is born". The New York Times: p. A20. Retrieved March 1, 2009.
    • Howlett, Debbie (March 19, 2004). "Dems see a rising star in Illinois Senate candidate". USA Today: p. A04. Retrieved March 1, 2009.
    • Scheiber, Noam (May 31, 2004). "Race against history. Barack Obama's miraculous campaign". The New Republic 230 (20): 21–22, 24–26 (cover story). Retrieved March 24, 2009.
    • Finnegan, William (May 31, 2004). "The Candidate. How far can Barack Obama go?". The New Yorker 20 (14): 32–38. Retrieved March 24, 2009.
    • Dionne Jr., E. J. (June 25, 2004). "In Illinois, a star prepares". The Washington Post: p. A29. Retrieved March 24, 2009.
    • Scott, Janny (May 18, 2008). "The story of Obama, written by Obama". The New York Times: p. A1. Retrieved January 9, 2010.
    • Mendell (2007), pp. 235–259.
62. ^ Bernstein, David (June 2007). "The Speech". Chicago Magazine. Retrieved April 13, 2008.
63. ^ "Star Power. Showtime: Some are on the rise; others have long been fixtures in the firmament. A galaxy of bright Democratic lights". Newsweek: pp. 48–51. August 2, 2004. Retrieved November 15, 2008.
    • Samuel, Terence (August 2, 2004). "A shining star named Obama. How a most unlikely politician became a darling of the Democrats". U.S. News & World Report: p. 25. Retrieved November 15, 2008.
    • Lizza, Ryan (September 2004). "The Natural. Why is Barack Obama generating more excitement among Democrats than John Kerry?". The Atlantic Monthly: pp. 30, 33. Retrieved November 15, 2008.
    • Davey, Monica (July 26, 2004). "A surprise Senate contender reaches his biggest stage yet". The New York Times: p. A1. Retrieved November 25, 2010.
    • Leibovich, Mark (July 27, 2004). "The other man of the hour". The Washington Post: p. C1. Retrieved November 15, 2008.
    • Milligan, Susan (July 27, 2004). "In Obama, Democrats see their future". The Boston Globe: p. B8. Retrieved November 15, 2008.
    • Seelye, Katharine Q. (July 28, 2004). "Illinois Senate nominee speaks of encompassing unity". The New York Times: p. A1. Archived from the original on June 24, 2006. Retrieved November 15, 2008.
    • Broder, David S. (July 28, 2004). "Democrats focus on healing divisions; Addressing convention, newcomers set themes". The Washington Post: p. A1. Retrieved November 15, 2008.
    • Bing, Jonathan; McClintock, Pamela (July 29, 2004). "Auds resist charms of Dem stars". Daily Variety: p. 1. Retrieved November 15, 2008.
    • Mendell (2007), pp. 272–285.
64. ^ "Ryan drops out of Senate race in Illinois". CNN. June 25, 2004. Retrieved April 13, 2008.
    • Mendell (2007), pp. 260–271.
65. ^ Lannan, Maura Kelly (Associated Press) (August 9, 2004). "Alan Keyes enters U.S. Senate race in Illinois against rising Democratic star". Union-Tribune (San Diego). Retrieved April 13, 2008.
66. ^ "America Votes 2004: U.S. Senate / Illinois". CNN. 2005. Retrieved April 13, 2008.
    • Slevin, Peter (November 13, 2007). "For Obama, a handsome payoff in political gambles". The Washington Post: p. A3. Retrieved April 13, 2008.
    • Chase, John; Mendell, David (November 3, 2004). "Obama scores a record landslide". Chicago Tribune: p. 1. Retrieved April 3, 2009.
    • Fornek, Scott (November 3, 2004). "Obama takes Senate seat in a landslide". Chicago Sun-Times: p. 6. Retrieved April 3, 2009.
67. ^ Barack Obama at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved October 12, 2011
68. ^ "Member Info". Congressional Black Caucus. Archived from the original on July 9, 2008. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
69. ^ Mason, Jeff (November 16, 2008). "Obama resigns Senate seat, thanks Illinois". Reuters. Retrieved March 10, 2009.
    • Sidoti, Liz (November 13, 2008). "Obama to Resign Senate Seat on Sunday". Time (Time Inc.). Retrieved November 22, 2008.
70. ^ "President Bush Signs Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act.". White House. September 26, 2006. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
71. ^ U.S. Senate, 109th Congress, 1st Session (May 12, 2005). "S. 1033, Secure America and Orderly Immigration Act". Thomas. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
72. ^ "Lugar–Obama Nonproliferation Legislation Signed into Law by the President". Richard Lugar U.S. Senate Office. January 11, 2007. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008. Retrieved April 27, 2008. See also:Lugar, Richard G.; Barack Obama (December 3, 2005). "Junkyard Dogs of War". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
73. ^ McCormack, John (December 21, 2007). "Google Government Gone Viral". Weekly Standard. Retrieved April 27, 2008. See also:"President Bush Signs Coburn–Obama Transparency Act". Tom Coburn U.S. Senate Office. September 26, 2006. Archived from the original on May 1, 2008. Retrieved April 27, 2008. and USAspending.gov
74. ^ S. 3077: Strengthening Transparency and Accountability in Federal Spending Act of 2008 Govtrack.us, 2007–2008 (110th Congress)
75. ^ McIntire, Mike (February 3, 2008). "Nuclear Leaks and Response Tested Obama in Senate". The New York Times. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
76. ^ Fisher, Daniel (August 11, 2008). "November Election A Lawyer's Delight". Forbes. Retrieved January 11, 2009.
77. ^ "Nunn–Lugar Report" (PDF). Richard Lugar U.S. Senate Office. August 2005. Archived from the original on May 1, 2008. Retrieved April 30, 2008.
78. ^ "Democratic Republic of the Congo". United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. April 2006. Retrieved April 27, 2008."The IRC Welcomes New U.S. Law on Congo". International Rescue Committee. January 5, 2007. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
79. ^ Weixel, Nathaniel (November 15, 2007). "Feingold, Obama Go After Corporate Jet Travel". The Hill. Retrieved April 27, 2008.Weixel, Nathaniel (December 5, 2007). "Lawmakers Press FEC on Bundling Regulation". The Hill. Retrieved April 27, 2008. See also:"Federal Election Commission Announces Plans to Issue New Regulations to Implement the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007". Federal Election Commission. September 24, 2007. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
80. ^ Stern, Seth (January 31, 2007). "Obama–Schumer Bill Proposal Would Criminalize Voter Intimidation". CQPolitics.com. Retrieved April 27, 2008.U.S. Senate, 110th Congress, 1st Session (January 31, 2007). "S. 453, Deceptive Practices and Voter Intimidation Prevention Act of 2007". Thomas. Retrieved April 27, 2008. See also:"Honesty in Elections" (editorial). The New York Times. January 31, 2007. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
81. ^ Krystin, E. Kasak (February 7, 2007). "Obama Introduces Measure to Bring Troops Home". Medill News Service. Retrieved April 27, 2008. "Latest Major Action: 1/30/2007 Referred to Senate committee".U.S. Senate, 110th Congress, 1st Session (January 30, 2007). "S. 433, Iraq War De-Escalation Act of 2007". Thomas. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
82. ^ "Obama, Bond Hail New Safeguards on Military Personality Disorder Discharges, Urge Further Action". Kit Bond U.S. Senate Office. October 1, 2007. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved April 27, 2008. See also:Dine, Philip (December 23, 2007). "Bond Calls for Review of Military Discharges". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
83. ^ "Obama, Bond Applaud Senate Passage of Amendment to Expedite the Review of Personality Disorder Discharge Cases". March 14, 2008. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008.
84. ^ "Obama, Schiff Provision to Create Nuclear Threat Reduction Plan Approved". Barack Obama U.S. Senate Office. December 20, 2007. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
85. ^ "Senate Passes Obama, McCaskill Legislation to Provide Safety Net for Families of Wounded Service Members". Barack Obama U.S. Senate Office. August 2, 2007. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
86. ^ "Committee Assignments". Barack Obama U.S. Senate Office. December 9, 2006. Archived from the original on December 9, 2006. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
87. ^ "Obama Gets New Committee Assignments". Associated Press. Barack Obama U.S. Senate Office. November 15, 2006. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
88. ^ Baldwin, Tom (December 21, 2007). "Stay-At-Home Barack Obama Comes Under Fire for a Lack of Foreign Experience". Sunday Times (UK) (London). Retrieved April 27, 2008.
89. ^ Larson, Christina (September 2006). "Hoosier Daddy: What Rising Democratic Star Barack Obama Can Learn from an Old Lion of the GOP". Washington Monthly. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
    • Goudie, Chuck (January 12, 2006). "Obama Meets with Arafat's Successor". WLS-TV. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
    • "Obama Slates Kenya for Fraud". News24.com. August 28, 2006. Archived from the original on June 5, 2008. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
    • Wamalwa, Chris (September 2, 2006). "Envoy Hits at Obama Over Graft Remark". The Standard (Nairobi). Archived from the original on October 10, 2007. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
    • Moracha, Vincent; Mangoa Mosota (September 4, 2006). "Leaders Support Obama on Graft Claims". The Standard (Nairobi). Archived from the original on October 7, 2007. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
90. ^ ^a b Pearson, Rick; Long, Ray (February 10, 2007). "Obama: I'm running for president". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 20, 2008.
91. ^ "Obama Launches Presidential Bid". BBC News. February 10, 2007. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
92. ^ Parsons, Christi (February 10, 2007). "Obama's launch site: Symbolic Springfield: Announcement venue evokes Lincoln legacy". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved June 12, 2009.
93. ^ "Barack Obama on the Issues: What Would Be Your Top Three Overall Priorities If Elected?". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 14, 2008. See also:
    • Thomas, Evan (2009). A Long Time Coming. New York: PublicAffairs. p. 74. ISBN 978-1-58648-607-5.
    • Falcone, Michael (December 21, 2007). "Obama's 'One Thing'". The New York Times. Retrieved April 14, 2008.
94. ^ "The Obama promise of hope and change". London: The Independent. November 1, 2008. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
95. ^ Tumulty, Karen (May 8, 2008). "The Five Mistakes Clinton Made". Time. Retrieved November 11, 2008.
    • Baker, Peter and Rutenberg, Jim (June 8, 2008). "The Long Road to a Clinton Exit". The New York Times. Retrieved November 29, 2008.
96. ^ Nagourney, Adam; Zeleny, Jeff (June 5, 2008). "Clinton to End Bid and Endorse Obama". The New York Times. Retrieved November 20, 2010.
97. ^ Nagourney, Adam; Zeleny, Jeff (August 23, 2008). "Obama picks Biden for veep". San Francisco Chronicle. The New York Times. Retrieved September 20, 2008.
98. ^ "Sources: High court selection process down to finalists". CNN. May 13, 2009.
99. ^ Tom Baldwin (August 27, 2008). "Hillary Clinton: 'Barack is my candidate'". TimesOnline (London). Retrieved August 27, 2008.
    • Nagourney, Adam (August 27, 2008). "Obama Wins Nomination as Biden and Bill Clinton Rally the Party". The New York Times. Retrieved August 27, 2008.
100. ^ ^a b Liasson, Mara; Norris, Michele (July 7, 2008). "Obama To Accept Nomination At Mile High Stadium". NPR. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
101. ^ "Obama accepts Democrat nomination". BBC News. August 29, 2008. Retrieved August 29, 2008.
     • Marks, Alexandra (August 29, 2008). "Soaring speech from Obama, plus some specifics". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved September 20, 2008.
102. ^ Malone, Jim (July 2, 2007). "Obama Fundraising Suggests Close Race for Party Nomination". Voice of America. Archived from the original on September 14, 2007. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
     • Cummings, Jeanne (September 26, 2007). "Small Donors Rewrite Fundraising Handbook". Politico. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
     • Cadei, Emily (February 21, 2008). "Obama Outshines Other Candidates in January Fundraising". CQ Politics. Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved February 24, 2008.
103. ^ Salant, Jonathan D. (June 19, 2008). "Obama Won't Accept Public Money in Election Campaign". Bloomberg. Retrieved June 19, 2008.
104. ^ "Commission on Presidential Debates Announces Sites, Dates, Formats and Candidate Selection Criteria for 2008 General Election". Commission on Presidential Debates. November 19, 2007. Archived from the original on July 6, 2008. Retrieved July 6, 2008.
     • "Gun Ruling Reverberates". Hartford Courant. June 27, 2008. Retrieved July 6, 2008.
105. ^ Johnson, Alex (November 4, 2008). "Barack Obama elected 44th president". msnbc.com. Retrieved February 20, 2009.
     • "CNN Electoral Map Calculator—Election Center 2008". CNN. 2008. Retrieved December 14, 2008.
106. ^ "General Election: McCain vs. Obama". Real Clear Politics. Retrieved February 20, 2009.
107. ^ "Obama wins historic US election". BBC. November 5, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
     • Nagourney, Adam (November 4, 2008). "Obama Elected President as Racial Barrier Falls". The New York Times. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
     • "Obama: 'This is your victory'". CNN. November 5, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
     • Wallsten, Peter (November 5, 2008). "White Americans play major role in electing the first black president". Los Angeles Times.
     • Avila, Oscar (April 4, 2010). "Obama's census-form choice: 'Black'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 4, 2010.
108. ^ Johnson, Wesley (November 5, 2008). "Change has come, says President-elect Obama". The Independent (UK). Retrieved November 5, 2008.
109. ^ Shear, Michael D. (April 4, 2011), "Obama Begins Re-Election Facing New Political Challenges", The New York Times, retrieved April 5, 2011.
110. ^ "Obama announces re-election bid", United Press International, April 4, 2011, retrieved April 5, 2011.
111. ^ Zeleny, Jeff; Calmes, Jackie (April 4, 2011), "Obama Opens 2012 Campaign, With Eye on Money and Independent Voters", The New York Times, retrieved April 5, 2011.
112. ^ "Obama asks Pentagon for responsible Iraq drawdown". China Daily. January 23, 2009. Retrieved September 4, 2009.
113. ^ Glaberson, William (January 21, 2009). "Obama Orders Halt to Prosecutions at Guantánamo". The New York Times. Retrieved February 3, 2009.
114. ^ "Senate blocks transfer of Gitmo detainees", msnbc.com, May 20, 2009, retrieved March 22, 2011.
115. ^ Obama, Barack (December 15, 2009), "Presidential Memorandum--Closure of Detention Facilities at the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base", whitehouse.gov, retrieved March 22, 2011.
116. ^ Serbu, Jared (January 7, 2011), "Obama signs Defense authorization bill", Federal News Radio, retrieved March 22, 2011.
117. ^ "Executive Order—Presidential Records". Retrieved January 22, 2009.
118. ^ Doyle, Michael (January 23, 2009). "Obama restores some of the 'Freedom' to FOIA". McClatchy Newspapers. Retrieved January 24, 2009.
119. ^ Gerstein, Josh (January 24, 2009). "Obama: End Abortion 'Politicization'". Politico.com.
120. ^ "Obama Signs Equal-Pay Legislation". The New York Times. January 30, 2009. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
121. ^ Levey, Noam N.. "Obama signs into law expansion of SCHIP health-care program for children". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
122. ^ "Obama overturns Bush policy on stem cells". CNN. March 9, 2009. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
123. ^ "Senate confirms Sotomayor for Supreme Court". CNN. August 6, 2009. Retrieved August 6, 2009.
124. ^ Obama nominates Sotomayor to Supreme Court, CNN, accessed May 26, 2009.
125. ^ Sherman, Mark (October 4, 2010). "New Era Begins on High Court: Kagan Takes Place as Third Woman". Associated Press. Retrieved November 13, 2010.
126. ^ "Obama awards Medal of Freedom to George H.W. Bush, Maya Angelou and 13 others", Julie Mianecki. Los Angeles Times. February 15, 2011. Accessed June 7, 2011
127. ^ Broder, John M. (October 1, 2009). "E.P.A. Moves to Curtail Greenhouse Gas Emissions". The New York Times.
128. ^ "US moves to limit industrial greenhouse gas emissions". Google.com. October 1, 2009. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
129. ^ "President Barack Obama signs hate crimes legislation into law". Bay Windows. October 28, 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
130. ^ "Obama signs hate crimes bill into law". CNN. October 28, 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
131. ^ Parsons, Christi (March 30, 2010). "Obama signs student loan reforms into law". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
132. ^ Branigin, William. "Obama signs higher-education measure into law". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 12, 2010.
133. ^ Robert Block and Mark K. Matthews (January 27, 2010). "White House won't fund NASA moon program". LA Times. Retrieved January 30, 2011. "President Obama's budget proposal includes no money for the Ares I and Ares V rocket or Constellation program. Instead, NASA would be asked to monitor climate change and develop a new rocket"
134. ^ Jesse Lee. "The President Signs Repeal of "Don't Ask Don't Tell": "Out of Many, We Are One"". Whitehouse.gov. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
135. ^ "'Don't ask, don't tell' repealed as Obama signs landmark law". London: Guardian. December 22, 2010. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
136. ^ "Obama to delay 'don't ask, don't tell' repeal". Washington Times. November 21, 2008. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
137. ^ Albanesius, Chloe (2011-01-25). "Obama Pushes Innovation in Tech-Heavy State of the Union". PCMag.com. Retrieved 2011-05-17.
138. ^ Kornblut, Anne E.; Wilson, Scott (2011-01-26). "State of the Union 2011: 'Win the future,' Obama says". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2011-05-18.
139. ^ "Stimulus package en route to Obama's desk". CNN. February 14, 2009. Retrieved March 29, 2009.
140. ^ "Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, Stimulus Watch". Retrieved April 9, 2011.
     • "Obama's remarks on signing the stimulus plan". CNN. February 17, 2009. Retrieved February 17, 2009.
141. ^ Andrews, Edmund L.; Dash, Eric (March 23, 2009). "U.S. Expands Plan to Buy Banks' Troubled Assets". The New York Times. Retrieved April 12, 2010.
     • "Wall Street soars 7% on bank plan debut". REUTERS. March 23, 2009.
142. ^ "White House questions viability of GM, Chrysler". The Huffington Post. March 30, 2009.
143. ^ Bunkley, Nick; Vlasic, Bill (April 27, 2009). "Chrysler and Union Agree to Deal Before Federal Deadline". The New York Times. Retrieved April 12, 2010.
144. ^ John Hughes, Caroline Salas, Jeff Green, and Bob Van Voris (June 1, 2009). "GM Begins Bankruptcy Process With Filing for Affiliate". Bloomberg.
145. ^ Conkey, Christopher; Radnofsky, Louise (June 9, 2009). "Obama Presses Cabinet to Speed Stimulus Spending". The Wall Street Journal.
146. ^ Dana Hedgpeth (August 21, 2009). "U.S. Says 'Cash for Clunkers' Program Will End on Monday". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 26, 2010.
147. ^ Joseph R. Szczesny (August 26, 2009). "Was Cash for Clunkers a Success?". Time. Retrieved March 26, 2010.
148. ^ Mian, Atif R.; Sufi, Amir (September 1, 2010). "The Effects of Fiscal Stimulus: Evidence from the 2009 'Cash for Clunkers' Program". SSRN eLibrary. Retrieved September 9, 2010.
149. ^ Goldman, David (April 6, 2009). "CNNMoney.com's bailout tracker". Bailout tracker 06: 20. Retrieved March 26, 2010.
150. ^ Montgomery, Lori (July 24, 2010). "Federal budget deficit to exceed $1.4 trillion in 2010 and 2011". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 29, 2010.
151. ^ Bull, Alister; Mason, Jeff (February 1, 2010). "Obama's 2010 budget: deficit soars amid job spending". Reuters. Retrieved July 29, 2010.
152. ^ Dickson, David M. (March 26, 2010). "CBO report: Debt will rise to 90% of GDP". Washington Times. Associated Press. Retrieved July 29, 2010.
153. ^ "Obama signs debt limit-paygo bill into law" (February 12, 2010). Reuters [website]. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
154. ^ By NBC's Sylvie Stein. "First Read - A breakdown of the debt-limit legislation". Firstread.msnbc.msn.com. Retrieved 2011-08-03.
155. ^ "House passes debt ceiling bill". MSNBC. 2011-03-08. Retrieved 2011-08-03.
156. ^ ^a b Theodossiou, Eleni; Hipple, Steven F. (2011). "Unemployment Remains High in 2010". Monthly Labor Review (Bureau of Labor Statistics) 134 (3): 3–22. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
157. ^ Eddlemon, John P. (2011). "Payroll Employment Turns the Corner in 2010". Monthly Labor Review (Bureau of Labor Statistics) 134 (3): 23–32. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
158. ^ ^a b "Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product (Quarterly)". National Income and Product Accounts Table. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
159. ^ Harding, Robin (July 28, 2010). "Beige Book survey reports signs of slowdown". Financial Times. Retrieved July 29, 2010.
160. ^ "Percent Change in Real Gross Domestic Product (Annual)". National Income and Product Accounts Table. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
161. ^ "Estimated Impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act on Employment and Economic Output From October 2009 Through December 2009". Congressional Budget Office, Pub. no. 4104. February 2010. Retrieved August 8, 2010.
162. ^ ^a b Calmes, Jackie; Cooper, Michael (November 20, 2009). "New Consensus Sees Stimulus Package as Worthy Step". The New York Times. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
163. ^ "CBO: Stimulus created as many as 2.1 million jobs". February 23, 2010. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
164. ^ Krugman, Paul (November 2, 2009). "Too Little of a Good Thing". The New York Times. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
165. ^ Isidore, Chris (January 29, 2010). "Best economic growth in six years". CNN. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
166. ^ "Estimated Impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act on Employment and Economic Output". Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved May 30, 2010.
167. ^ "New NABE Survey Shows Business Recovery Gaining Momentum, with More Jobs Ahead". Retrieved April 26, 2010.
168. ^ Herszenhorn, David M.; Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (December 7, 2010). "Democrats Skeptical of Obama on New Tax Plan". The New York Times.
169. ^ "Obama signs tax deal into law". CNN. December 17, 2010. Retrieved December 17, 2010.
170. ^ ^a b Sweet, Lynn, "Obama July 22, 2009 press conference. Transcript", Chicago Sun-Times, July 22, 2009
171. ^ Stolberg, Sheryl Gay; Zeleny, Jeff (September 9, 2009). "Obama, Armed With Details, Says Health Plan Is Necessary". The New York Times.
172. ^ "Obama will hedge on public option". Politico.com. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
173. ^ "Obama calls for Congress to face health care challenge". CNN. September 9, 2009. Retrieved September 9, 2009.
174. ^ Stem cell retrieved 19th March 2011
175. ^ Hulse, Carl; Robert Pear (November 7, 2009). "Sweeping Health Care Plan Passes House". The New York Times. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
176. ^ Herszenhorn, David M.; Jackie Calmes (December 7, 2009). "Abortion Was at Heart of Wrangling". The New York Times. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
177. ^ Hensley, Scott (December 24, 2009). "Senate Says Yes To Landmark Health Bill". National Public Radio. Retrieved December 24, 2009.
178. ^ "Health Care Reform, at Last". The New York Times. March 21, 2010. Retrieved March 22, 2010.
179. ^ Gay Stolberg, Sheryl (March 23, 2010). "Obama Signs Landmark Health Care Bill". The New York Times. Retrieved March 23, 2010.
180. ^ "Obama Halts Drilling Projects, Defends Actions". National Public Radio. May 27, 2010.
181. ^ Jonsson, Patrik (May 29, 2010). "Gulf oil spill: Obama's big political test". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved June 6, 2010.
182. ^ "Biden vows break with Bush era foreign policy". Retrieved June 15, 2009.
     • Ghattas, Kim (March 8, 2009). "Clinton's gaffes and gains on tour". BBC News. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
183. ^ "Obama reaches out to Muslim world on TV". msnbc.com. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
184. ^ DeYoung, Karen (April 9, 2009). "Nation U.S. to Join Talks on Iran's Nuclear Program". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
185. ^ "Iranian Leaders Ignore Obama's Outstretched Hand". Fox News Channel. March 20, 2009. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
186. ^ "Obama speech draws praise in Mideast". The Guardian (London). January 23, 2008. Retrieved June 15, 2009.
187. ^ "Obama in Egypt reaches out to Muslim world". CNN. June 4, 2009. Retrieved January 30, 2011.
188. ^ "Obama dismisses Ahmadinejad apology request". The Washington Times. June 26, 2009.
189. ^ Obama: No green light for Israel to attack Iran, CNN, July 7, 2009
190. ^ Chidanand Rajghatta, "Barack 'No Bomb' Obama pushes for world without nukes", The Times of India, September 24, 2009.
191. ^ Robert Berger, "Israel Refuses to Halt Construction in East Jerusalem", Voice of America, March 26, 2010.
192. ^ Kershner, Isabel (March 24, 2010). "Israel Confirms New Building in East Jerusalem". The New York Times. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
193. ^ Peter Baker, "Obama Seals Arms Control Deal With Russia", The New York Times, March 26, 2010.
194. ^ Baker, Peter (December 22, 2010). "Senate Passes Arms Control Treaty With Russia, 71-26". The New York Times.
195. ^ "Will Gates Stay or Go?". msnbc.com. November 10, 2008.
196. ^ Feller, Ben (February 27, 2009). "Obama sets firm withdrawal timetable for Iraq". The Detroit News. Associated Press (CAMP LEJEUNE, N.C.). Retrieved March 3, 2009.
197. ^ Athena Johnes Obama announces Iraq plan. February 27, 2009. msnbc.com.
198. ^ BBC News: Last US combat brigade exits Iraq, August 19, 2010 Last updated at 17:56 GMT.
199. ^ MacAskill, Ewen (September 1, 2010). "Barack Obama ends the war in Iraq. 'Now it's time to turn the page'". The Guardian (London).
200. ^ All U.S. troops out of Iraq by end of year, MSNBC News, Washington, October 21, 2011
201. ^ "Obama Calls for U.S. Military to Renew Focus on Afghanistan". NewsHour with Jim Lehrer. PBS. July 15, 2008. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
202. ^ Hodge, Amanda (February 19, 2009). "Obama launches Afghanistan Surge". The Australian.
203. ^ "Top U.S. Commander in Afghanistan Is Fired". The Washington Post. May 12, 2009.
     • "New U.S. Commander Brings Counterinsurgency Experience to Afghanistan". Fox News Channel. May 13, 2009.
204. ^ "Obama to announce war strategy" Associated Press. msnbc.com. December 1, 2009.
205. ^ "Obama details Afghan war plan, troop increases" Associated Press. msnbc.com. December 1, 2009.
206. ^ President Obama's Afghanistan Speech pt.1, December 1, 2009 on YouTube
207. ^ "Gates says he agrees with Obama decision on McChrystal". CNN. June 24, 2010. Retrieved September 18, 2010.
208. ^ "U.S., Israel Build Military Cooperation", Charles Levinson. Wall Street Journal. August 14, 2010. Accessed March 1, 2011
209. ^ "United States vetoes Security Council resolution on Israeli settlements", United Nations News Centre. February 18, 2011. Accessed March 1, 2011
210. ^ Levy, Elior. "PA challenges Netanyahu to accept 1967 lines." Ynetnews. 22 May 2011. 22 May 2011.
211. ^ "Floor Statment (sic) by Senator McCain Introducing the Senate Resolution Calling for a No-Fly Zone in Libya". Senate.gov. March 14, 2011. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
212. ^ "Senate Passes Resolution Calling for No-Fly Zone Over Libya". National Journal. March 1, 2011. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
213. ^ Winnett, Robert (March 17, 2011). "Libya: UN approves no-fly zone as British troops prepare for action". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved April 7, 2011.
214. ^ "Libya declares ceasefire". New Statesman. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
215. ^ "Libya Live Blog - March 18". Al Jazeera. March 18, 2011.
216. ^ "Obama: US to Transfer Lead Role in Libya". RTT Newswire. Retrieved March 22, 2011.
217. ^ "Obama says US efforts in Libya have saved lives, control of operation can be turned over soon". Washington Post. Retrieved March 22, 2011.
218. ^ Ian Pannell (2011-03-21). "Gaddafi 'not targeted' by allied strikes". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-07-03.
219. ^ Jones, Sam (March 22, 2011). "F-15 fighter jet crashes in Libya". London: The Guardian. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
220. ^ "NATO No-Fly Zone over Libya Operation UNIFIED PROTECTOR". NATO. March 25, 2011.
221. ^ Montopoli, Brian (March 22, 2011). "Is Obama's Libya offensive constitutional?". CBS News. Retrieved March 22, 2011.
222. ^ "Obama's Libya Policy Makes Strange Bedfellows Of Congressional Critics". The Huffington Post. March 21, 2011. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
223. ^ "Obama juggles Libya promises, realities". CNN. March 25, 2011. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
224. ^ ^a b c Mazzetti, Mark; Helene Cooper, Peter Baker (3 May 2011). "Clues Gradually Led to the Location of Osama bin Laden". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
225. ^ ^a b "Osama bin Laden is killed by U.S. forces in Pakistan" - washingtonpost.com Retrieved May 2, 2011
226. ^ "Official offers details of bin Laden raid" - newsday.com Retrieved May 2, 2011
227. ^ Schabner, Dean; Karen Travers (1 May 2011). "Osama bin Laden Killed by U.S. Forces in Pakistan". ABC News. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
228. ^ Baker, Peter; Helene Cooper, Mark Mazzetti (2 May 2011). "Bin Laden Is Dead, Obama Says". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
229. ^ Walsh, Declan; Richard Adams and Ewen MacAskill (May 2, 2011). "Osama bin Laden is dead, Obama announces". The Guardian (London). Retrieved May 3, 2011.
230. ^ Dorning, Mike (May 2, 2011). "Death of Bin Laden May Strengthen Obama's Hand in Domestic, Foreign Policy". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
231. ^ "World Reaction To Osama Bin Laden's Death". NPR. May 2, 2011. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
232. ^ Paul Harris in Oakland and Ewen MacAskill in Washington (November 3, 2010). "US midterm election results herald new political era as Republicans take House". London: Guardian. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
233. ^ "Obama calls midterm elections a 'shellacking' for Democrats". CSMonitor.com. November 4, 2010. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
234. ^ "See Obama's first paragraph of his transcript". All Things Considered. NPR. November 3, 2010. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
235. ^ Wallace-Wells, Benjamin (November 2004). "The Great Black Hope: What's Riding on Barack Obama?". Washington Monthly. Retrieved April 7, 2008. See also:Scott, Janny (December 28, 2007). "A Member of a New Generation, Obama Walks a Fine Line". International Herald Tribune. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
236. ^ Harris, Paul (March 4, 2007). "Obama told of family's slave-owning history in deep South". The Observer (London). Retrieved April 18, 2010.
237. ^ Payne, Les (August 19, 2007). "In One Country, a Dual Audience" (paid archive). Newsday (New York). Retrieved April 7, 2008.
238. ^ Dorning, Mike (October 4, 2007). "Obama Reaches Across Decades to JFK" (paid archive). Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 7, 2008. See also:Harnden, Toby (October 15, 2007). "Barack Obama is JFK Heir, Says Kennedy Aide". Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved April 7, 2008.
239. ^ Holmes, Stephanie (November 30, 2008). "Obama: Oratory and originality". The Age (Melbourne). Retrieved December 11, 2008.
     • Gallo, Carmine (March 3, 2008). "How to Inspire People Like Obama Does". BusinessWeek. Retrieved February 21, 2009.
     • Zlomislic, Diana (December 11, 2008). "New emotion dubbed 'elevation". Toronto Star. Retrieved December 11, 2008.
     • Greene, Richard (January 25, 2011). "Obama Is America's Third Greatest Presidential Orator in Modern Era". The Huffington Post. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
240. ^ "YouTube – ChangeDotGov's Channel". Youtube.com. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
241. ^ "Obama Starts With 68% Job Approval". Gallup.com. 2009-01-24. Retrieved 2011-06-19.
242. ^ "Obama hits low point in Gallup Poll - 41% - The Oval: Tracking the Obama presidency". Content.usatoday.com. 2011-04-15. Retrieved 2011-06-19.
243. ^ Jon Terbush (2010-12-09). "Approval By Numbers: How Obama Compares To Past Presidents". Tpmdc.talkingpointsmemo.com. Retrieved 2011-06-19.
244. ^ "Bin Laden bounce? New poll shows jump in Obama approval", James Oliphant. Los Angeles Times. May 11, 2011. Accessed June 7, 2011
245. ^ "Obama loses bin Laden bounce; Romney on the move among GOP contenders", Dan Balz. John Cohen. Washington Post. June 6, 2011. Accessed June 7, 2011
246. ^ "Washington Still Working Hard to Plug Gaps in The Bin Laden Story", Patrick Henningsen. 21st Century Wire. May 23, 2011. Accessed June 7, 2011
247. ^ "World wants Obama as president: poll". ABC News. Reuters (Australia). September 9, 2008.
248. ^ "Obama to visit nuclear, biological weapons destruction facilities in former Soviet Union" (Press release). Obama.senate.gov. August 24, 2005. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
249. ^ Scherer, Steve (2007-09-12). "Rome Mayor's Leadership Bid May Lead to Early Italian Elections". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2011-05-21.
250. ^ Pedder, Sophie (February 20, 2008). "Sarkozy, Obama and McCain". The Economist. Retrieved November 20, 2008.
251. ^ Obama remains a popular symbol of hope France 24
252. ^ Goodman, Dean (February 10, 2008). "Obama or Clinton? Grammys go for Obama". Reuters. Retrieved November 24, 2008.
253. ^ Strange, Hannah (March 5, 2008). "Celebrities join YouTube revolution". The Times (London). Retrieved December 18, 2008.
254. ^ Wappler, Margaret (June 20, 2008). "Emmys give knuckle bump to will.i.am; more videos on the way". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
255. ^ Von Drehle, David (December 16, 2008). "Why History Can't Wait" (Cover article). Time Magazine. Retrieved December 17, 2008.
256. ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2009". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved October 9, 2009.
257. ^ "Obama: 'Peace requires responsibility'". CNN. 2009-12-10. Retrieved 2011-05-21.
258. ^ Philp, Catherine (October 10, 2009). "Barack Obama's peace prize starts a fight". The Times (London: TimesOnLine). Retrieved October 10, 2009.
259. ^ Samuelsohn, Darren (October 9, 2009). "Obama Wins Nobel Prize in Part for Confronting 'Great Climatic Challenges'". The New York Times. Greenwire. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
260. ^ "Rushmore Plus One; FDR joins Mountainside Figures Washington, Jefferson, Teddy Roosevelt and Lincoln as Top Presidents", Siena Research Institute, July 1, 2010
261. ^ "Keeping Hope Alive: Barack Obama Puts Family First". The Oprah Winfrey Show. October 18, 2006. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
262. ^ Fornek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "Half Siblings: 'A Complicated Family'". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on January 18, 2010. Retrieved June 24, 2008. See also:"Interactive Family Tree". Chicago Sun-Times. September 9, 2007. Archived from the original on July 3, 2008. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
263. ^ Fornek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "Madelyn Payne Dunham: 'A Trailblazer'". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on 2009-05-14. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
264. ^ "Obama's grandmother dies after battle with cancer". CNN. November 3, 2008. Retrieved November 4, 2008.
265. ^ Smolenyak, Megan (May 9, 2011). "Tracing Barack Obama's Roots to Moneygall". The Huffington Post.
266. ^ Obama (1995, 2004), p. 13. For reports on Obama's maternal genealogy, including slave owners, Irish connections, and common ancestors with George W. Bush, Dick Cheney, and Harry Truman, see:Nitkin, David; Harry Merritt (March 2, 2007). "A New Twist to an Intriguing Family History". Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved June 24, 2008.Jordan, Mary (May 13, 2007). "Tiny Irish Village Is Latest Place to Claim Obama as Its Own". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 24, 2008."Obama's Family Tree Has a Few Surprises". CBS 2 (Chicago). Associated Press. September 8, 2007. Archived from the original on June 2, 2008. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
267. ^ Johnson, Carla K. (July 24, 2008). "Obama's great-uncle recalls liberating Nazi camp". USA Today. Associated Press. Retrieved March 12, 2009.
268. ^ "The 89th Infantry Division". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved March 12, 2009.
269. ^ "When Barry Became Barack". Newsweek. March 31, 2008. Retrieved November 6, 2008.
270. ^ Zimmer, Benjamin (2009). "Obama's Indonesian Redux". Language Log. Retrieved March 12, 2009.
     • "Obama: Saya Kangen Nasi Goreng, Bakso, dan Rambutan".
271. ^ Kantor, Jodi (June 1, 2007). "One Place Where Obama Goes Elbow to Elbow". The New York Times. Retrieved April 28, 2008. See also: "The Love of the Game" (video). Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel (HBO). April 15, 2008. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
272. ^ "Barack Obama: White Sox 'serious' ball". The Swamp. August 25, 2008. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
273. ^ "Barack Obama Explains White Sox Jacket, Talks Nats in All-Star Booth Visit". MLB Fanhouse. July 14, 2009. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
274. ^ Branigin, William (January 30, 2009). "Steelers Win Obama's Approval". The Washington Post. "But other than the Bears, the Steelers are probably the team that's closest to my heart. All right?"
275. ^ Obama (2006), pp. 327–332. See also:Brown, Sarah (December 7, 2005). "Obama '85 masters balancing act". The Daily Princetonian. Retrieved February 9, 2009.
276. ^ Obama (2006), p. 329.
277. ^ Fornek, Scott (October 3, 2007). "Michelle Obama: 'He Swept Me Off My Feet'". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on January 18, 2010. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
278. ^ Martin, Jonathan (July 4, 2008). "Born on the 4th of July". The Politico. Retrieved July 10, 2008.
279. ^ Obama (1995, 2004), p. 440, and Obama (2006), pp. 339–340. See also:"Election 2008 Information Center: Barack Obama". Gannett News Service. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
280. ^ "Obamas choose private Sidwell Friends School", International Herald Tribune, November 22, 2008
281. ^ Cooper, Helene (April 13, 2009). "One Obama Search Ends With a Puppy Named Bo". Nytimes.com. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
282. ^ Zeleny, Jeff (December 24, 2005). "The first time around: Sen. Obama's freshman year". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
283. ^ Slevin, Peter (December 17, 2006). "Obama says he regrets land deal with fundraiser". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 10, 2008.
     • Robinson, Mike (June 4, 2008). "Rezko found guilty in corruption case". Associated Press. msnbc.com. Retrieved June 24, 2008.
284. ^ Harris, Marlys (December 7, 2007). "Obama's Money". CNNMoney.com. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
     See also:Goldfarb, Zachary A (March 24, 2007). "Measuring Wealth of the '08 Candidates". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
285. ^ Zeleny, Jeff (April 17, 2008). "Book Sales Lifted Obamas' Income in 2007 to a Total of $4.2 Million". The New York Times. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
286. ^ Shear, Michael D.; Hilzenrath, David S. (April 16, 2010). "Obamas report $5.5 million in income on 2009 tax return". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
287. ^ Elsner, Alan (December 7, 2008). "Obama says he won't be smoking in White House". Reuters. Retrieved February 28, 2010.
288. ^ Zengerle, Patricia (February 8, 2011). "Yes, he did: first lady says Obama quit smoking". Reuters. Retrieved May 9, 2011.
289. ^ Obama (2006), pp. 202–208. Portions excerpted in:Obama, Barack (October 16, 2006). "My Spiritual Journey". Time. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
     • Obama, Barack (June 28, 2006). "'Call to Renewal' Keynote Address". Barack Obama: U.S. Senator for Illinois. Archived from the original on January 4, 2009. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
290. ^ Christianity Today: "Q&A: Barack Obama" Interview by Sarah Pulliam and Ted Olsen, January 23, 2008
291. ^ Obama 'Christian By Choice': President Responds To Questioner by Charles Babington and Darlene Superville, Associated Press, September 28, 2010
292. ^ Video - President Obama: "I am a Christian By Choice" by ABC News, September 29, 2010
293. ^ Kantor, Jodi (April 30, 2007). "Barack Obama's search for faith". The New York Times. Retrieved April 30, 2007.
294. ^ "Obama's church choice likely to be scrutinized". Associated Press. msnbc.com. November 17, 2008. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
295. ^ Sullivan, Amy (June 29, 2009). "The Obamas Find a Church Home—Away from Home". Time. Retrieved December 14, 2009.

References

• Mendell, David (2007). Obama: From Promise to Power. New York: Amistad/HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-085820-6.
• Obama, Barack (1995, 2004). Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance. New York: Three Rivers Press. ISBN 1-4000-8277-3.
• Obama, Barack (2006). The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream. New York: Crown Publishing Group. ISBN 0-307-23769-9.

Further reading

• Curry, Jessica. "Barack Obama: Under the Lights", Chicago Life, Fall 2004. Retrieved on January 14, 2008.
• Graff, Garrett. "The Legend of Barack Obama", Washingtonian, November 1, 2006. Retrieved on January 14, 2008.
• Koltun, Dave (2005) "The 2004 Illinois Senate Race: Obama Wins Open Seat and Becomes National Political "Star"" in "The Road to Congress 2004" Editors: Sunil Ahuja (Youngstown State University) and Robert Dewhirst (Truman State University), Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, New York, Binding: Hardcover Pub. Date: 2005, ISBN 1-59454-360-7
• Lizza, Ryan. "Above the Fray", GQ, September 2007. Retrieved on October 27, 2010.
• MacFarquhar, Larissa. "The Conciliator: Where is Barack Obama Coming From?", New Yorker, May 7, 2007. Retrieved on January 14, 2008.
• McClelland, Edward, Young Mr. Obama: Chicago and the Making of a Black President, Bloomsbury Press, 2010.
• Zutter, Hank De. "What Makes Obama Run?", Chicago Reader, December 8, 1995. Retrieved on January 14, 2008.