The American Dream
Friday, February 10, 2012
Friday, February 10, 2012
When most people think about America’s debt problem, they think of the debt of the federal government. But that is only part of the story. The sad truth is that debt slavery has become a way of life for tens of millions of American families. Over the past several decades, most Americans have willingly allowed themselves to become enslaved to debt. These days, most of us are busy either going into even more debt or paying off the debt that we have accumulated in the past.
When your finances are dominated by debt, it makes it really hard to ever get ahead. Incredibly, 43 percent of all American families spend more than they earn each year. Even while median household income continues to decline (now less than $50,000 a year), median household debt continues to go up. According to the Federal Reserve, median household debt in America has risen to $75,600. Many Americans spend decades caught in the trap of debt slavery. Large numbers of them never even escape at all and die in debt. It can be a lot of fun to spend lots of money and go into lots of debt, but it can be absolutely soul crushing to toil and labor for years paying off those debts while making others wealthy in the process. Hopefully this article will inspire many people to try to escape the chains of debt slavery once and for all.
Because the truth is that the American people need a wake up call. Consumer borrowing rose by another $19.3 billion in December. Right now it is sitting at a grand total of $2.5 trillion according to the Federal Reserve.
Overall, consumer debt in America has increased by a whopping 1700% since 1971.
We always criticize the federal government for going into so much debt, but we rarely criticize ourselves for our own addiction to debt.
Debt slavery is destroying millions of lives all across this country, and it is imperative that we educate the American people about the dangers of all this debt.
The following are 30 facts about debt in America that will absolutely blow your mind….
Credit Card Debt
#1 Today, 46% of all Americans carry a credit card balance from month to month.
#2 Overall, Americans are carrying a grand total of $798 billion in credit card debt.
#3 If you were alive when Jesus was born and you spent a million dollars every single day since then, you still would not have spent $798 billion by now.
#4 Right now, there are more than 600 million active credit cards in the United States.
#5 For households that have credit card debt, the average amount of credit card debt is an astounding $15,799.
#6 If you can believe it, one out of every seven Americans has at least 10 credit cards.
#7 The average interest rate on a credit card that is carrying a balance is now up to 13.10 percent.
#8 According to the credit card calculator on the Federal Reserve website, if you have a $10,000 credit card balance and you are being charged a rate of 13.10 percent and you only make the minimum payment each time, it will take you 27 years to pay it off and you will end up paying back a total of $21,271.
#9 There is one credit card company out there, First Premier, that charges interest rates of up to 49.9 percent. Amazingly, First Premier has 2.6 million customers.
Auto Loan Debt
#10 The length of auto loans in America just keeps getting longer and longer. If you can believe it, 45 percent of all new car loans being made today are for more than 6 years.
#11 Approximately 70 percent of all car purchases in the United States involve an auto loan.
#12 A subprime auto loan bubble is steadily building. Today, 45 percent of all auto loans are made to subprime borrowers. At some point that is going to be a massive problem.
Mortgage Debt
#13 Total home mortgage debt in the United States is now about 5 times larger than it was just 20 years ago.
#14 Mortgage debt as a percentage of GDP has more than tripled since 1955.
#15 According to the Mortgage Bankers Association, approximately 8 million Americans are at least one month behind on their mortgage payments.
#16 Historically, the percentage of residential mortgages in foreclosure in the United States has tended to hover between 1 and 1.5 percent. Today, it is up around 4.5 percent.
#17 According to Dylan Ratigan, 46 percent of all mortgaged properties in Florida are underwater, 50 percent of all mortgaged properties in Arizona are underwater and 63 percent of all mortgaged properties in Nevada are underwater.
#18 Overall, nearly 29 percent of all homes with a mortgage in the United States are underwater.
#19 If you can believe it, the mortgage lenders now have more equity in U.S. homes than the American people do.
Medical Debt
#20 Medical debt is a major problem for a growing number of Americans. One study discovered that approximately 41 percent of all working age Americans either have medical bill problems or are currently paying off medical debt.
#21 Sadly, the number of Americans that are protected by health insurance continues to decline. An all-time record 49.9 million Americans do not have any health insurance at all right now, and the percentage of Americans covered by employer-based health plans has fallen for 11 years in a row.
#22 But even if you do have health insurance, there is still a good chance that you could end up with huge medical debt problems. According to a report published in The American Journal of Medicine, medical bills are a major factor in more than 60 percent of the personal bankruptcies in the United States. Of those bankruptcies that were caused by medical bills, approximately 75 percent of them involved individuals that actually did have health insurance.
Student Loan Debt
#23 Total student loan debt in the United States is rapidly approaching 1 trillion dollars.
#24 If you went out right now and starting spending one dollar every single second, it would take you more than 31,000 years to spend one trillion dollars.
#25 In America today, approximately two-thirds of all college students graduate with student loan debt.
#26 The average student loan debt load is now approximately $25,000.
#27 After adjusting for inflation, U.S. college students are borrowing about twice as much money as they did a decade ago.
#28 One survey found that 23 percent of all college students actually use credit cards to pay for tuition or fees.
#29 The student loan default rate has nearly doubled since 2005.
#30 Student loans made to directly to parents have increased by 75 percentsince the 2005-2006 academic year.
At this point, most Americans are up to their eyeballs in debt. According to a recent study conducted by the BlackRock Investment Institute, the ratio of household debt to personal income in the United States is now 154 percent.
Our entire economy has become based on credit.
Do you need a car?
Just get an auto loan.
Do you need a house?
Just get a mortgage.
Do you need to fill up your house with stuff?
Just get a credit card.
Do you need an education?
Just get a student loan.
In fact, if you are anything like a typical American, you probably have a mortgage you can barely afford, you probably have at least one auto loan, you probably have several credit card balances and you probably have a student loan that you deeply regret.
So what should you do if you are drowning in debt?
First, make a firm decision that you are going to break the chains of debt slavery once and for all.
Secondly, come up with a plan to reduce your debt. Paying off debt that carries a high rate of interest first (such as credit card debt) is usually a good idea.
The big financial institutions want to get us into as much debt as possible, because all of this debt makes them incredibly wealthy.
Don’t play their game.
Yes, that may mean that you may have to put off certain purchases until you can come up with the money, but in the long run you will be much better off.
So do any of you have any debt slavery stories to share? Please feel free to leave a comment with your thoughts below….
Comments Some are informative others just shouting Bull
r3volution2012 says:
When will liberty loving Americans WTFU! This “peaceful protest” $h!T is just that $h!t!. I am starting to believe that Alex is full of CR&P with his “those who shoot first lose” mantra! -THEY- have been shooting first for years now – think about it – G20 in Pittsburgh should be in the FOREFRONT of EVERYONES mind when it comes to that. As each days goes by they add more and more to their control grid to where when people DO decide they have had enough – they won’t be able to fight them. How soon until they have hundreds if not thousands of drones in American air space? How soon before they have armored vehicles patrolling our streets more and more? How long before they eliminate the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, THE SECOND AMENDMENT!? They are VERY close folks – if you read the articles Alex and crew put out daily you should know that! But what is Alex doing – he is saying “we are winning” BULL$h!T! We aren’t winning ANYTHING!
You can say I’m some government troll, or what the hell ever you want to say – but the truth is – I’m right and you friggen well know it!
So get off your DEAD &$$e$ – when you call in CHALLENGE Alex on it – don’t suck up his &$$ just to get on the show. Hold his feet to the fire! For those that are able to get on (after waiting for hours) – challenge him – ask the TOUGH questions. There isn’t much time left….
If you look at the way things are going -politically- the Republicans don’t have ANYONE that will be a real challenge to Obaaaaamaaa. Ron Paul – please – I love the guy don’t get me wrong – I’ll still vote for him over any of the other &$$hats they are running but there is no chance in HELL they will let him win – you and I both know it. Conclusion – they are setting it up for a 2nd Obaaaamaa term – he is their man to bring it ALL together for their New World Order. He HAS NOT been afraid to use the dictatorial powers that were setup for him. He has not been afraid to do anything they have told him to do – regardless of what the American people say. Then again – neither has our Congress. That should tell you A LOT right there! This government doesn’t give a raging rats &$$ what you or I think or say – they will do what they want ANYWAY. What are we going to vote some new &$$hats in? Yeah – how did that go for us that LAST time. All those “Tea Party” candidates that went to congress and just got on their knees and sucked the d!ck$ of the “masters” on the top of the hill. We did get Rand Paul up there though – and he is smacking their d!ck$ with a 2×4. But with Ron Paul about done with political time there – who’s next?
Our only chance of using “peaceful protests” to TRY to get anything done is to get 1 million ++ people ON the STREETS IN WASHINGTON. a few hundred or a few thousands WILL NOT do it. We need a MASSIVE demonstration to show them we are sick and friggen tired of their cr&p! If you don’t have those kind of numbers – your wasting your time. You need such large numbers that their anti-protester squads wouldn’t stand a chance against us. BUT – remember if they SHOOT first – be it with rubber bullets, sound cannons – ANYTHING like that – GAME ON!! At that point we would have enough people IN WASHINGTON to take it back. Think about it that way – we have to put such a SCARE into these NWO that they are going to lose the U.S. as their “strong hold” that they will have NO CHOICE but to BACK THE F^CK OFF! Else – we might as well just hand over our guns, and walk quietly to the FEMA camps folks.
ENOUGH IS ENOUGH!!!!!!
The VERY BEST way to understand government debt is to immagine a, “family account credit card.”
Everyone in your family uses the same account credit card for essential purposes and because it’s a family everyone guards against fraud and misuse of the account.
However, if one has ever had a sick family member, say a two timing spouse, an uncle Bill, or lying lesbian sisters, all of whom can have a very high maintenence cost, that have drug or gambling problems held in denial, it’s easy to understand what happens.
Individualy, you and the responcible family members may have legitmate expenses of say $10.00 a day, but one sick family member can easily snort $100.00 a day up their nose, gamble it away in the form of compulsive gambling, or in the case of a cheating spouse can be padding a hidden fund.
When this happens and the bill is excessive, the guilty party always lies and tries to justify their expenses, or simply attempts to deny it all together. And when it keeps happenning, pretty soon the entire family becomes bankrupted when no longer solvent to cover the debt.
This EXACTLY what the govenment in collusion with the Fed has done. Together they are like Mut & Jeff having a gay old time spending YOUR money, because when the Federal Reserv Act was passed, it was like signing adoption papers that our government agencies are by law legal family members in YOUR family and have access to the family credit card account.
This fact is so glarring and in your face, that when we ask them to account for their runaway expenses, we get the EXACT same antics and excuses, from denial, obfuscation of the facts and even down right lies from them, EXACTLY in the same immage as the sick family member scenaro.
What is hard to understand about any of this, other than the labyrinth and extent of excuses that the government can come up with, from cooked books, classified lies, false flag wars and government thugs that all ai to hold the truth back?
Is we am all’s stupid??? Yes we is am all’s stupid, if you believe anything these professional assholes are trying sell us, again, again, again, again, until, they hit bottom and have to be institutionalized as, “criminally insane.”
Do you get it yet??? What is hard to understand???
*Credit cards are “unsecured” debt so you can walk away from them without ever negotiating with any debt company or the credit card companies themselves. Never speak to them on the phone. It is a waste of time and they are just minimum wage flunkies. Put their phone number in your cell or on caller I.D. so you know it”s them calling.
As they say “money talks and B.S. walks, so always use either cash or debit card, as the debit card takes the money directly out of your banking account.
**Speaking of banks-take your money out of them. They are rip offs. Use Credit Unions only. They don’t charge you large fees, either at their branch or other banks.
**If you own a home, and you are “under-water”, or owe more on your home than it’s worth. and are sick and tired of fighting with your bank to modify your loan, do a “STRATEGIC DEFAULT” and walk away. The banks call it “jingle mail” because you are mailing the keys back to them. So what if your credit is gone. Cash is the name of the game, and there is nothing wrong with being a renter If you decide to do it.then do it while you still own your home, as it makes it much easier to obtain a rental. Renting gives you much more freedom to move if you want or have to for many reasons.I rent now, and love it. I can move every year if I want to.
**If you care about your credit and own a home you can no linger afford, then doing a ‘SHORT SALE” is the best way to go. It saves your credit, a new buyer is found and they get a great price for your home, and the bank gets paid off and the buyers have a new mortgage with their banking institute.
** If you have a Retirement income, Social Security, or Pension coming in, or have money to invest (about 150K), then do it outside of the USA. What I mean is-look at countries to move to like Panama, Ecuador, or others that use the dollar for currency. Panama (the country in South America) was rated by AARP and International Living as the best place to retire to or live. Panama has a great economy and you can live like a king, rent a furnished home for $500 US dollars, eat a full course meal for $2 and not have to own a car, as public transportation is very cheap You can live abroad like it was in the USA in the 1950′s.. It is also very safe in these countries. I wouldn’t suggest places like Mexico, Nicaragua or the like. Too dangerous or unstable
***READ-READ-READ-books like Web of Debt by Ellin Brown or Creature From Jekyll Island by E. G. Griffin (about the inception of the Federal Reserve and our monetary system of crooks), 13 Bankers is another and Greedy Bastards by Dylan Ratigan to mention just a few.
***Get ready for our economy and dollar to tank very soon. Stock up on food to last at least 1 yr if possible. Even if our world isn’t going to end on Dec 21, 2012, there will be many who hoard the food in the stores, and then there will be a shortage and huge food prices.
As they say “money talks and B.S. walks, so always use either cash or debit card, as the debit card takes the money directly out of your banking account.
**Speaking of banks-take your money out of them. They are rip offs. Use Credit Unions only. They don’t charge you large fees, either at their branch or other banks.
**If you own a home, and you are “under-water”, or owe more on your home than it’s worth. and are sick and tired of fighting with your bank to modify your loan, do a “STRATEGIC DEFAULT” and walk away. The banks call it “jingle mail” because you are mailing the keys back to them. So what if your credit is gone. Cash is the name of the game, and there is nothing wrong with being a renter If you decide to do it.then do it while you still own your home, as it makes it much easier to obtain a rental. Renting gives you much more freedom to move if you want or have to for many reasons.I rent now, and love it. I can move every year if I want to.
**If you care about your credit and own a home you can no linger afford, then doing a ‘SHORT SALE” is the best way to go. It saves your credit, a new buyer is found and they get a great price for your home, and the bank gets paid off and the buyers have a new mortgage with their banking institute.
** If you have a Retirement income, Social Security, or Pension coming in, or have money to invest (about 150K), then do it outside of the USA. What I mean is-look at countries to move to like Panama, Ecuador, or others that use the dollar for currency. Panama (the country in South America) was rated by AARP and International Living as the best place to retire to or live. Panama has a great economy and you can live like a king, rent a furnished home for $500 US dollars, eat a full course meal for $2 and not have to own a car, as public transportation is very cheap You can live abroad like it was in the USA in the 1950′s.. It is also very safe in these countries. I wouldn’t suggest places like Mexico, Nicaragua or the like. Too dangerous or unstable
***READ-READ-READ-books like Web of Debt by Ellin Brown or Creature From Jekyll Island by E. G. Griffin (about the inception of the Federal Reserve and our monetary system of crooks), 13 Bankers is another and Greedy Bastards by Dylan Ratigan to mention just a few.
***Get ready for our economy and dollar to tank very soon. Stock up on food to last at least 1 yr if possible. Even if our world isn’t going to end on Dec 21, 2012, there will be many who hoard the food in the stores, and then there will be a shortage and huge food prices.
February 10, 2012 at 10:15 am
Here is one thing you can do regarding the unsecured portion of your debt.
If you don’t care about preserving your credit history over the next 7-10 years and yet don’t want to go bankrupt, you can follow these steps: (disclaimer: I am not an attorney, you should seek legal advise on this matter, however, attorneys will not say, do or defend everything in your best interest at all times).
1st- NEVER talk to a debt collector when they call, use caller I.D., if you don’t recognize the number let them leave a message, but don’t return or answer debt collector calls, they want to get you to contract with them which will obligate you to them and restart the statute of limitations on your so-called debt.
2nd. Don’t worry about out-of-state calls or letters trying to dun you for the debt, they virtually never sue you, local attorneys will do that if they decide to do it.
3rd. If you get sued, relax, you can handle this, and if you do it right, they cannot get a penny from you and will drop the suit either before court or during, usually before or just before, even at the courthouse, if you do what you are supposed to do.
4th. Realize this, the debt collector who will use an an attorney who sues you, has no legal right to collect the debt. That’s right, NO LEGAL RIGHT, all you have to do is learn how to write answers to lawsuits, file motions, which is available on the internet if you research it or get a book called: Stick It to Sue Happy Debt Collectors by Alan Harleroad and his sequel is called I think, How to Sue Debt Collectors, yes, you can actually sue THEM and get money, believe it or not.
5th. Why don’t you owe it? There are several reasons, but first they didn’t contract with you, the bank did, the bank has sold the debt and unless they are suing you, which is unlikely, the bank is out of the picture. The debt collector depends on you not knowing that they don’t have a contract with you and cannot intervene in the one that you did have with the bank, in fact, it is illegal to do so, you just point that out and demand proof of a contract with them, the debt collector. Remember, we never talk to them except in court and in a way that virtually guarantees that you win and they go away. NEVER FAIL TO ANSWER COURT DOCUMENTS HOWEVER OR ONES SENT BY THE DEBT COLLECTOR APPROVED BY THE COURT OR DISCOVERY PROCESS.
You can stop bank unsecured debt, and use your money to ready yourself for surviving the coming times, you don’t owe the New World Order banks a damn thing on unsecured debt despite any threats by them or the debt collector. Even if the bank itself sued you, again unlikely, they usually don’t have proof of the debt and therefore cannot win if you demand proof. Just know what “proof of the debt” is , do research and read.
I hope this helps some of you worried about unsecured debt, I stopped, with interests, penalties and legal fees approximately $100,000 in corrupt bank debt they tried to get. I know they used the system of banking privilege to derive over ten times the money out of thin air as a result of the loans made to me on credit cards or signature loans. I don’t feel sorry for them.
P.S. , when you answer court documents be careful how you do it, get some help from credible sources on the net for free or get that book I mentioned, the author’s name is spelled Harkleroad. Really learn how to answer anything that you must from the court in a way that is fair to yourself and does not endanger your case, help is available for that, seek it out.
Doing all this is like “Mother may I?”, the game, if you always follow the rules the game is in your favor and you can win every time. In fact, it actually becomes fun to be in court and watch the expressions on the attorney’s face as you take charge of the situation, it is a hoot!
Once, you’ve won once or twice you’ll get on a list and they’ll usually leave you alone except or the calls which should stop after the statute of limitations is reached but don’t always. If they don’t, you can get that stopped as well. I know how to spell “advice”, just a typo.
One more thing, at trial or during discovery the debt collector, I call them Dirt Bags, will likely try to introduce into evidence an affadavit supposedly supporting their claim that you owe the money. Do not let this get into evidence or you may lose your case.
You stop it by OBJECTING, just say, immediately as they try to put it into evidence, I OBJECT TO THE AFFADAVIT BEING ADMITTED INTO EVIDENCE YOUR HONOR! When he asked you why you object, you say because the affadavit is Hearsay, (they may try to say it is an exception to the hearsay rule and is a business record) , you then say: It is not an exception to that rule because the person who wrote it did not have “personal knowledge” of the day to day debits and credits of the alleged account in question. Even if they bring the person into court as a witness, you can examine them and ask: Did have personal day to day oversight and knowledge of the account in question, (you are not admitting that it is yours and don’t have to unless you screwed up and already did prior, remember they must PROVE THEIR CASE. They virtually always must admit that they don’t have personal knowledge and you then move to Strike the Affadavit from the record, if they cannot get it in, they can’t win.
It is important to read, study and be confident ahead of time what you will say and do and when to do it, it’s doable and the victory is sweet.
Skip-
first and foremost, Ive been an avid member here and have commented on different articles for some time now. I must say that you are absoultely wrong about everything you just posted here. There are loopholes, yes, but i assure you that if you or anyone else practices this “advice” you just gave, you will only make things worse. DO NOT CALL LIST’S apply to those only who are solicitating. Due to the fact that every single borrower went to a creditor, requested to borrow money, SIGNED A CONTRACT, and then spent the money gives any creditor (wheather its the original creditor or a 3rd party) the right legally to continue to call you as often as they would like. Anyone who wants to learn about fair debt collections Research FDCPA. Im not standing up for any bank or creditor, but be real with yourself and be in the right perspective. IF YOU WANT TO FALL OFF THE GRID, DONT REQUEST TO BORROW MONEY. anyone and everyone who borrows money signs and AGREES with the terms that these banks and creditors are using to rob you. DONT BLAME IT ON THE “SCUM SUCKING CREDIT CARD COMPANIES when no one forces you to sign the contract. Im sorry, but you are totally ignorant about this topic and i warn anyone who reads your post to definately do some other research somewhere else.
first and foremost, Ive been an avid member here and have commented on different articles for some time now. I must say that you are absoultely wrong about everything you just posted here. There are loopholes, yes, but i assure you that if you or anyone else practices this “advice” you just gave, you will only make things worse. DO NOT CALL LIST’S apply to those only who are solicitating. Due to the fact that every single borrower went to a creditor, requested to borrow money, SIGNED A CONTRACT, and then spent the money gives any creditor (wheather its the original creditor or a 3rd party) the right legally to continue to call you as often as they would like. Anyone who wants to learn about fair debt collections Research FDCPA. Im not standing up for any bank or creditor, but be real with yourself and be in the right perspective. IF YOU WANT TO FALL OFF THE GRID, DONT REQUEST TO BORROW MONEY. anyone and everyone who borrows money signs and AGREES with the terms that these banks and creditors are using to rob you. DONT BLAME IT ON THE “SCUM SUCKING CREDIT CARD COMPANIES when no one forces you to sign the contract. Im sorry, but you are totally ignorant about this topic and i warn anyone who reads your post to definately do some other research somewhere else.
Just a small clip from a link about debt.
When does the Statute of Limitations start?
You might be asking yourself, “It has been such a long time since my “open account” has had any activity. When does my Statute of Limitations started ticking.”
There are various opinions on when the SOL starts:
•The first time you fail to make a payment on your account.
•The credit card company sends you a demand letter for the full amount.
Any can be true, depending on the credit card agreement. Here’s why:
The length of the statute varies from state to state and depends on the type of agreement, i.e. oral, written, etc. The one aspect of a statute of limitations that is pretty constant throughout all of US states’ laws is when it begins to run.
A statute of limitations, or limitations of action statute, begins to run when a cause of action accrues. In plain English, that means the statute begins to run when you have done something contrary to the terms of your agreement for which you can be sued. Most of the time, that “something” is failure to pay your bill. When you don’t make your payment on time, you have violated the terms of your agreement and you have given the creditor a cause of action.
Some credit agreements include an acceleration clause which must be invoked before a creditor has a cause of action. The acceleration clause could be activated by the creditor sending you a demand for payment in full by a certain date. In these instances, you must fail to pay the creditor after it has invoked the acceleration clause before the creditor has a cause of action, and the statute of limitations starts to run. You need to become familiar with the terms and conditions of your specific agreement to know for sure which event triggers a cause of action and thus, begins the running of the statute of limitations.
In any case, if the creditor fails to sue you in the time allowed by the applicable statute of limitations, you have an affirmative defense against the creditor’s claim which can serve as a bar to recovery of the delinquent debt.
Again Thank You for Your Imput.
Skip.
When does the Statute of Limitations start?
You might be asking yourself, “It has been such a long time since my “open account” has had any activity. When does my Statute of Limitations started ticking.”
There are various opinions on when the SOL starts:
•The first time you fail to make a payment on your account.
•The credit card company sends you a demand letter for the full amount.
Any can be true, depending on the credit card agreement. Here’s why:
The length of the statute varies from state to state and depends on the type of agreement, i.e. oral, written, etc. The one aspect of a statute of limitations that is pretty constant throughout all of US states’ laws is when it begins to run.
A statute of limitations, or limitations of action statute, begins to run when a cause of action accrues. In plain English, that means the statute begins to run when you have done something contrary to the terms of your agreement for which you can be sued. Most of the time, that “something” is failure to pay your bill. When you don’t make your payment on time, you have violated the terms of your agreement and you have given the creditor a cause of action.
Some credit agreements include an acceleration clause which must be invoked before a creditor has a cause of action. The acceleration clause could be activated by the creditor sending you a demand for payment in full by a certain date. In these instances, you must fail to pay the creditor after it has invoked the acceleration clause before the creditor has a cause of action, and the statute of limitations starts to run. You need to become familiar with the terms and conditions of your specific agreement to know for sure which event triggers a cause of action and thus, begins the running of the statute of limitations.
In any case, if the creditor fails to sue you in the time allowed by the applicable statute of limitations, you have an affirmative defense against the creditor’s claim which can serve as a bar to recovery of the delinquent debt.
Again Thank You for Your Imput.
Skip.
